Socrates Essays (385 words) - Socratic Dialogues, Socrates

Socrates 2.a) Why does the Athenian jury convict Socrates, and why does Socrates maintain his innocence? b) Do you think it was right for Socrates to accept his punishment of death without fleeing, even though he thought he was innocent? The Athenian jury convicts Socrates of corrupting the youth. They feel that Socrates has stopped the youth from thinking for themselves. This is going against the laws of the city. Socrates maintains his innocence for many reasons. One reason is Socrates did not see death as a bad thing. He realized that he would die someday anyway, so he did not fear it. He also believes that the people that sentenced him are going to suffer the most from his death, as well as the town and students. Socrates feels that no one will make these people self-reflect. Another reason Socrates maintained his innocence is because it made his teaching more valuable. By him dying for what he believes in shows to the city and to his students that he believes in his own Patragas 2 teachings making them also believe in his teachings. Socrates felt that it was shameful to do wrong. By him admitting he was wrong then he was admitting that his teachings were wrong. This would destroy his quest to be the wisest man. I believe that Socrates did the right thing by accepting his punishment and not fleeing. If he would have ran away he would have been admitting to his students and to the city that he was wrong and that is why he is running. I feel that by accepting his fate, he is getting his teachings across in a much stronger way. Socrates does not fear death, so I feel that he is not being punished. After his death he will be regarded as one of the wisest men to ever live. This was his quest to begin with. His students and the town's people will relish his teachings because he is showing how much he believes in himself, which results in others believing in him also. I feel that because Socrates was arrested for corrupting the youth he was presented with an opportunity to solidify his teachings. By accepting death as punishment, Socrates is proving that his teachings are true and he believes in them. Philosophy

10 Evaluation Essay Topics on Medical Ethics

10 Evaluation Essay Topics on Medical Ethics Medical ethics is an important issue that arises more often and more controversial with progression of human history. If you are writing a medical ethics evaluation essay, consider the ten facts below: Palliative care in a medical facility can result in critical ethical matters the physician must consider. A patient is legally allowed to refuse treatments which will sustain their life, even if that refusal leads to their death. Here, the patient has to be able to understand all of the options at hand, as well as the risks and benefits to all options. The patient must also be able to rationalize and name the treatment they have selected. There are three elements to educated refusal as well as consent to treatment where practitioners can sustain life and that is if the freedom of the patient is coerced, if the patient does not have the ability to make an informed decision, or if the conveying of the information to the patient is not possible. Each nurse is held to different ethical standards in their practice. ADN nurses are tasked with communicating and collaborating with patients as well as their families. They must also work with the medical team to plan, deliver, and coordinate the patient-centered care for all of the assigned patients. RN’s with an ADN must participate as an advocate for the activities that would improve the lives of their patients and help to identify the needs of patients and refer them to the resources that might offer better care after they leave the hospital. It is part of the job of the RN’s with an ADN to ensure complete confidentiality for the patients. They are required in this instance to communicate and collaborate with all members of the health care team assigned to this man’s care in a collective effort to ensure optimal health. The RN’s with an ADN would have to use any supporting technology needed to communicate the patient’s situation and what care i s necessary while also assigning the appropriate nursing care and supervising the nurse responsible. Different medical practitioners rely upon different theories of practice in order to make sure they are acting in an ethical fashion at all times. The â€Å"need theory† emphasizes the importance of increasing the independence of patients in order to promote continued healing after their hospitalization. It was this â€Å"need theory† which was the first distinction made between medicine and nursing. The unique function of nurses was to assist a patient in whatever activities contributed to health or recovery. Nurses give patients, in this context, the strength, the knowledge, or the will to perform such basic tasks unaided. This idea really emphasizes getting into the mind of the patient to help them better heal physically. The Henderson nursing theory stated that the patient required assistance in order to achieve health, regain their independence, or have a peaceful death. The patient and their families needed to be viewed as a single unit, and it was important for nurses to know that the body and mind were inseparable and they needed to be treated as such. She emphasized how the quality of mental health would allow an individual to heal more rapidly (Henderson, 1966). She went on to state that patients wanted to learn, discover, and satisfy their natural curiosity so that they can better develop their health, something that is emphasized in the BSN program. As a nurse, applying Henderson’s â€Å"need theory† requires first assessing the basic needs of the individual. Then a nurse must identify the ability of the individual to meet their needs with or without help, taking into account their knowledge, their will, or their strength. They must then document how best to assist the individual. Implementing of treatment prescribed by a physician should be done by taking into account what activities need to be achieved in order to recover from an illness, maintain health, or aid in a peaceful death. The implementation as a nurse should be based on emotional balance, age, cultural background, physical capacities, or emotional capacities. An evaluation should be done to determine the speed with which a patient can perform tasks or the degree to which a patient can perform tasks in an independent fashion, such that they can eventually meet their goals for recovery or a peaceful death (Henderson, 1997). When working with different cultures, it is important for medical practitioners to communicate with parents, and to take certain beliefs into consideration of the parents in the cause and treatment of disease. In Hmong culture parents are open to discussing the name of the problem, as well as what they considered to be the cause. They believed they knew at what point the problem started, but their answer is not necessarily a medical one which Western doctors are trained to address. The parents obviously respect the roles of healers and those roles were highly sacred, which is why they assumed that the doctor would have the solution or the treatment for the problem, and in asking the questions the doctor was obviously open to improving his education of the Hmong medicinal ways so as to afford better treatment that would best bridge the two worlds. However, many Hmong believe that doctors should just know the answers themselves if one is a a good doctor he/she will know without having to speak with the parents. In western medicine there is an ethical dilemma with regard to cultural sensitivity such that there exists exploitation of the natural birthing periods for women, something which Western society today would view as backward because it is not legal. However, the high birth rates, and high birth rates in hospitals can be problematic for Western medical practitioners when working with Hmong people for example. It can be particularly shocking that contraceptives would not be used, especially among the converts, or that no matter the changes in their environment or where they were living, they would stick to their traditional roles of early marriage and multiple children. It is imperative for those whose responsibilities involve children, health or social care matters to fully understand the true meaning of ethical care and the right way to implement such concept in their daily roles and work responsibilities. To put it simply, ethical care is actually a responsibility that is governed by law that requires any individual to at all times upheld the standards of reasonable care when they are carrying out their duties that have the possibilities of hurting others. In this relation, such individual must be sure to check that the internal and external surroundings are safe before commencing any morning sessions. Implementing a cleaning roster is one way to make sure that the gathering conducted in a clean environment. Everyone is familiar with the phrase Do not judge a book by its cover. As a society, we pay lip service to the idea that it is wrong to judge people by the way they look. However, this idea becomes this idea is becoming increasingly important in the medical workplace. In private, a person may - rightly or wrongly - make all the judgments he wants and hold whatever opinions he chooses. In a work environment, however, that same person represents the adult social care organization for which he works. It is nowadays vital that a healthcare organization would be viewed as operating ethically. If a medical organization were to acquire a reputation as being unethical, it would have terrible effects on that adult social care organization’s ability to do medical care. Customers, after all, tend to prefer to work companies they like and feel they can trust. A reputation for solid ethics, then, is vital to a medical organization’s bottom line. We hope that these facts will make your writing easier. Use them along with our list of 20 sample topics and a guide on evaluative essay writing. References: Fadiman, Anne.  The Spirit Catches You And You Fall Down. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1997. Print. Finn, Jeffrey and Eliot Marshall.  Medical Ethics. New York: Chelsea HousePublishers, 1990. Print. Häring, Bernhard.  Medical Ethics. Print. Henningfeld, Diane Andrews.  Medical Ethics. Detroit, Mich.: Greenhaven Press, 2011. Print. Henderson, V. (1961). Basic principles of nursing care. London: [International Council of Nurses]. Henderson, V. (1966). The nature of nursing; a definition and its implications for practice, research, and education. New York: Macmillan. Henderson, V. (1997). Basic principles of nursing care (Rev. 1997. ed.). Geneva, Switzerland: International Council of Nurses.

Consumer Behaviour Business Degree with Marketing Assignment

Consumer Behaviour Business Degree with Marketing - Assignment Example Marketers need to know what their customers need and want and they also need to know how their customers make decisions about buying and using products. As such, this report for Starbuck’s senior executives seeks to explore different factors that influence the behaviour of different customers towards a particular product or service. The report is divided into two parts and the first part is mainly concerned with establishing the extent to which motivation and the benefits sought by the customers go hand in hand towards the satisfaction of the needs of the targeted consumers. The second part seeks to establish the significance of understanding the family life-cycle and family decision making in order to make the organisation to be in a position to market their products and services more successfully. The report will also focus on how the marketers can focus on different factors which influence customer behaviour in order to positively change it through the effective use of diff erent elements of the marketing mix. Recommendations will be given in both cases. 1. Motivation of the customers is mainly influenced by their behaviour hence it is imperative for the marketers at Starbuck’s to first establish the behaviour of their consumers in order to be better positioned to satisfy their needs. Hawkins et al (1998, p.7) define customer behaviour as â€Å"the study of individuals, groups, or organisations and processes they use to select, secure, use and dispose of products, services, experiences or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts these processes have on consumer and society.† This definition implies that there are indirect influences on consumer decisions. As such, any profit oriented organisation must satisfy the needs and wants of the customers. The realisation that long term survival of companies is only possible if customer satisfaction has been achieved has led the companies and their employees to motivate the customers towards their pr oducts. In their quest to satisfy their needs, customers also seek to derive benefits from consumption of particular products hence the attempt to satisfy these benefits by the marketers goes hand in hand with the concept of motivation. To understand motivation is to understand why customers do what they do. The philosophy of marketing rests on the premise that customers’ needs are the starting point from which all other activities can be planned (Cant, 2002). However, there is need to take a motivational approach to establish the needs of the customers which influences their buying behaviour. Basically, motivation occurs when a need is aroused that the customer wants to satisfy. A need refers to something physical or psychological that the body must have to function and develop (Cant, 2002). As such, motivation is the driving force within the individuals that drives them to act in a particular way. According to Kotler & Armstrong (2004), a motivated person is ready to act an d he is influenced by his or her own perceptions of the situation. People have different perceptions of the same stimulus and when they act, they learn something new. In the process, they acquire beliefs and attitudes that will shape their behaviour if they are satisfied that they will derive benefits f

Analysis of the film Gattaca in reference to its discussion about Essay

Analysis of the film Gattaca in reference to its discussion about eugenics and getenics engineering - Essay Example However, despite a very firm belief that any attempt at perfecting the human condition through selectively engineering children will have a detrimental effect on the human species, it is undeniable that if allowed, I would go back and have things corrected. It is in this desire to be perfected and saved, balanced against the detriment to society that supports the idea that legislation must prevent this from being a part of reproductive options. The concept of eugenics is defined by Francis Galton, British eugenicist and scientist, as â€Å"science that studies all the influences that may potentially effect reproduction, with the purpose of preventing degeneration and attaining the improvement of the human species† (Lavrin, 1998, p. 161). While the concept of eugenics seems to be defined by a pure intent, the central problem with eugenics is that it weeds out diversities and challenges that inspire human innovation. Morris (2006) states that â€Å"Another fear about this new e ugenics is that we might one day breed a race of clones designed genetically to be placid slaves. In this very frightening scenario, eugenics is envisioned as a tool to suppress people† (p. 70). Gattaca takes this fear one step further as those without genetic enhancement are subjugated to lower level job positions, serving those who are of a genetically superior make-up. Vincent is considered an in-valid, his genetic make-up not fitting into the standard that has been set for the upper class, meanwhile his social class does not allow him the opportunities that he desires. His life expectancy, as determined at the time of his birth, is only 30.2 years and the list of potential problems, none of which is guaranteed, is vast and daunting. There is no doubt that this type of predictability about the future of the potential outcomes would be disheartening and place that child within a social framework that was undesirable. This is what happens to Vincent, but as an adult he determ ines to write his own fate. Through impersonating someone with a better genetic code, he proves that he is valuable enough to achieve his goals. The director of the film, Andrew Niccol, who also wrote the piece, provides his beliefs on genetic engineering a forum through the film. One of the first lines of narration, â€Å"They used to say that a child conceived in love has a greater chance of happiness. They don’t say that anymore† provides the context on how social and cultural class divisions had changed the nature of predicted futures for the people within the universe of the film (Niccol, 1997). In the contrast between Vincent and the wheelchair ridden ’perfected’ human, Jerome, the aspect of chance shows that expected life expectancies and the use of genetic manipulation to ’perfect’ the human species will never account for the challenges that chance will put in the way of ambitions and desires. Vincent narrates that â€Å"He suffered under a different burden: the burden of perfection† (Niccol, 1997). Niccol uses this theme to frame his position on the danger of genetically engineering children. The character of Irene, an almost perfect who is

Week 6 Assignment Essay Example for Free

Week 6 Assignment Essay E10-1(Acquisition Costs of Realty) The expenditures and receipts below are related to land, land improvements, and buildings acquired for use in a business enterprise. The receipts are enclosed in parentheses. (a) Money borrowed to pay building contractor (signed a note) $(275,000) (b) Payment for construction from note proceeds 275,000 (c) Cost of land fill and clearing 10,000 (d)Delinquent real estate taxes on property assumed by purchaser 7,000 (e) Premium on 6-month insurance policy during construction 6,000 (f) Refund of 1-month insurance premium because construction completed early (1,000) (g) Architect’s fee on building 25,000 (h) Cost of real estate purchased as a plant site (land $200,000 and building $50,000) 250,000 (i) Commission fee paid to real estate agency 9,000 (j) Installation of fences around property 4,000 (k) Cost of razing and removing building 11,000 (l) Proceeds from salvage of demolished building (5,000) (m) Interest paid during construction on money borrowed for construction 13,000 (n) Cost of parking lots and driveways 19,000 (o) Cost of trees and shrubbery planted (permanent in nature) 14,000 (p) Excavation costs for new building 3,000 Instructions Identify each item by letter and list the items in columnar form, using the headings shown below. All receipt amounts should be reported in parentheses. For any amounts entered in the Other Accounts column, also indicate the account title. Holyfield Dorsett Winston   Liston Greeley Machine cost $160,000 $120,000 $152,000 $160,000 $130,000 Accum Depr. 60,000 45,000   71,000 75,000 –0– Fair value 92,000 69,000 92,000 95,000 185,000 Instructions For each of the four independent situations, prepare the journal entries to record the exchange on the books of each company.

The Causes of the Cold War - Post-Revisionist :: American America History

Dwight D. Eisenhower once said, "Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signified, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold but not clothed." There was never a war that this idea can be more correct applied to than the Cold War. According to noted author and Cold War historian Walter Lippman, the Cold War can be defined as a state of tension between states, which behave with great distrust and hostility towards each other, but do not resort to violence. The Cold War encompasses a period from the end of the Second World War (WWII), in 1945, to the fall of the Soviet Union, in 1989. It also encompassed the Korean and Vietnam Wars and other armed conflicts in the Middle East and Africa, that, essentially, were not wars for people but instead for territories and ideologies. "Nevertheless, like its predecessors, the Cold War has been a worldwide power contest in which one expanding power has threatened to make itself predominant, and in which other powers have banded together in a defensive coalition to frustrate it---as was the case before 1815, as was the case in 1914-1918 as was the case from 1939-1945" (Halle 9). From this power contest, the Cold War erupted. In April 1945, Russian forces that had been triumphant at Stalingrad had pushed the German forces back into Germany and American and British forces that had been victorious in their invasion of Normandy did the same; they met at the Elbe River in central Germany (Lukacs 17). Europe was separated into two independent halves, one Russian occupied and the other American; from this division, the Cold War emerged. "When a power vacuum separates great powers, as one did the United States and the Soviet Union at the end of World War II, they are unlikely to fill it without bumping up against and bruising each other" (Gaddis). This 'bumping' and 'bruising' caused the tensions and hostilities that surfaced in the years following WWII. There are three doctrines examining the origins of the Cold War: Orthodox, the belief that "the intransigence of Leninist ideology, the sinister dynamics of a totalitarian society, and the madness of Stalin" (McCauley 88) caused the Cold War; Revisionist, the id ea that "American policy offered the Russians no real choice...either acquiesce to American proposals or be confronted with American power or hostility" (McCauley 90) and thus, America caused the war; and the

Different Parenting Styles Essay

1. What are the different parenting styles used by families? Which do you think is better? Why? There are three types of parenting styles, authoritarian, permissive and democratic. The first type of parenting styles is the permissive style which is when the parents are very laid back, and give the children more power then they even have. The second style of parenting that people use is the democratic style which is when the parent has empathy towards the thoughts and feelings of their children however they still have the authority to make the decision. The third and last type of the parenting styles is the authoritarian style which is when parents have all ultimate power and authority in each and every situation. I like the democratic style of parenting the best. I say this because the parent still has power over the child, however still lets their child have an input on the decision. 2. What makes a person ready for parenthood? When should an individual consider entering parenthood? Who should postpone parenthood? Should everyone become a parent eventually? Do you think some people should not become parents altogether. I believe that when a person is emotionally stable, financially stable, and has good support to help raise a child they are ready to be a parent. I think an individual should consider entering parenthood when they are completely positive they are ready for the full responsibility and they know that they can handle a child. People that I think should postpone parenthood are anyone doubting their abilities as a parent at all, along with younger people, and newlyweds. I don’t believe everyone should become a parent, not everyone is meant to have children. I believe anyone that cannot and will not ever be able provide a safe and loving home for their child should never have children.